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Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff

1852–1911 · Physical chemistry

Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff was a Dutch chemist and the first winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1901). He showed that dilute solutions obey a relation closely analogous to the ideal gas law, giving the osmotic-pressure equation π = CRT. To account for solutes that split into ions, he introduced the van 't Hoff factor i — the ratio of particles actually present to those expected — which corrects the colligative-property formulas for dissociation. His work on solutions and chemical kinetics helped found modern physical chemistry.

Source: Wikipedia — Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff

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